Students' Engagement in Virtual Learning of Heritage Building During the Pandemic

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a significant impact on the higher education system unprecedented in modern history. Learning institutions were closed, tight regulations enforced to encourage social and physical distancing and switched classes from face-to-face to online delivery (ODL). As a result, e-learning tools and platforms were explored to keep students engaged in learning during this pandemic. Although this virtual teaching–learning adaptation is not by choice and challenging for both educators and students, modern technology has encouraged us to explore a new interactive way of delivering knowledge and continue students' learning engagement. This paper focuses on the alternative teaching methods that have been conducted in Architecture Measured Drawing, which traditionally relies on physical interactions and interaction in the form of collaborative work in-studio learning and field trips. A case study of one (1) private university conducted the Architecture Measured course online in response to the pandemic has been investigated. This paper aims to identify the teaching and learning methods of this course during the pandemic and to analyze the level of students' engagement throughout the course. A survey was distributed to students enrolled in the module to gain feedback on their experience. Findings proved that the alternative method adopted has shown that students have experienced different types of engagement with each stage in the course. Students' engagement was maintained at a high level despite the shift and completed the course successfully. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Research on CT image classification algorithm of COVID-19 based on improved ResNet

The classification of COVID-19 and other viral pneumonias will help doctors to diagnose new coronary patients more accurately and quickly. Aiming at the classification problem of CT in patients with COVID-19, this paper proposes a CT image classification method based on an improved ResNet50 network based on the traditional convolutional neural network classification model. This paper uses the multiscale feature fusion strategy, combined with the improved attention mechanism to obtain the correlation coefficient between the internal feature points of the feature map, and finally achieves the effect of enhancing the representation ability of the feature map. Through the analysis and comparison of the technical principle, classification accuracy, and other parameters, it shows that the improved algorithm has better adaptive ability and classification ability. Through experiments, the improved ResNet50 classification model has a certain improvement in accuracy, time complexity, and spatial complexity compared with the traditional classification model, and the accuracy rate can reach 90.1 %. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

Nanozyme: a New Approach for Anti-microbial Infections

Bacteria and viruses always posed a threat to human health. Most impressively, SARS-CoV-2 has raged around the world for almost three years, causing huge loss to human health. Facing increasing challenges of drug-resistance and poor treatment efficacy, new solutions are urgently needed to combat pathogenic microorganisms. Recently, nanozymes with intrinsic enzyme-like activities emerged as a promising new type of "antibiotics”. Nanozymes exhibit superior antibacterial and antiviral activities under physiological conditions by efficiently catalyzing generation of a large number of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, enhanced therapeutic effects are achieved in nanozyme-based therapy aided by the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials such as photothermal and photodynamic effects. This paper reviews the latest research progress in the field of anti-microbial nanozymes, systematically summarizes and analyzes the principles of nanozymes in the treatment of bacteria and viruses from a mechanistic point of view. An outlook on the future direction and the challenges of new anti-microbial infection nanomaterials are proposed to provide inspiration for developing next generation anti-microbial nanozymes. © 2023 Science Press. All rights reserved.

One case of novel coronavirus pneumonia complicated with acute appendicitis in children.

Emergent laparoscopic appendectomy was performed for a boy of occult novel coronavirus pneumonia with a presenting symptom of acute appendicitis at Wuhan Children's Hospital. Postoperative lung computed tomography (CT) indicated a round dense shadow with slightly ground-glass-like margins in the dorsal segment of right lower lung. Pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test was positive for 2019-nCoV and thus a definite diagnosis of COVID-19 was made. Prior to the onset, he had close contacts with his grandmother with a definite diagnosis of COVID -19. It proved that intra-family transmission was an important transmission route for pediatric 2019-nCoV infection. In this case, the respiratory symptoms of COVID-19 were not obvious during an early stage. The major symptoms were nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. For individuals coming from the epidemic area, with a history of exposure and developing acute surgical conditions, preoperative pulmonary CT scan is necessary for screening COVID-19.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.

Nanozyme: a New Approach for Anti-microbial Infections

Bacteria and viruses always posed a threat to human health. Most impressively, SARS-CoV-2 has raged around the world for almost three years, causing huge loss to human health. Facing increasing challenges of drug-resistance and poor treatment efficacy, new solutions are urgently needed to combat pathogenic microorganisms. Recently, nanozymes with intrinsic enzyme-like activities emerged as a promising new type of "antibiotics". Nanozymes exhibit superior antibacterial and antiviral activities under physiological conditions by efficiently catalyzing generation of a large number of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, enhanced therapeutic effects are achieved in nanozyme-based therapy aided by the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials such as photothermal and photodynamic effects. This paper reviews the latest research progress in the field of anti-microbial nanozymes, systematically summarizes and analyzes the principles of nanozymes in the treatment of bacteria and viruses from a mechanistic point of view. An outlook on the future direction and the challenges of new anti-microbial infection nanomaterials are proposed to provide inspiration for developing next generation anti-microbial nanozymes.

Network Pharmacology Discussion on the Mechanism of Shufeng Jiedu Granules in Treating Corona Virus Disease 2019

Objective: To study the mechanism of Shufeng jiedu granules in treating Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)based on network pharmacology. Method(s): TCMSP database was used to search and screen the active components of Shufeng jiedu granules, GeneGards database was used to predict and screen disease targets, the common targets of the above two were input into the STRING database to obtain the target protein interaction network, the PPI network and the "traditional Chinese medicines-components-targets-diseases" network were constructed by using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, and the GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out by using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, R software and the corresponding program package. Result(s): A total of 207 active components and 1 006 traditional Chinese medicine component targets were screened, and 350 COVID-19-related targets were identified, so as to obtain 49 common drug-disease targets.GO functional enrichment analysis resulted in 1 575 items(P<0.05), KEGG enrichment analysis resulted in 120 related signaling pathways(P<0.05), mainly involving IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, etc. Conclusion(s): Shufeng jiedu granules may achieve the therapeutic effect of COVID-19 through multi-targets, multi-pathways to regulate virus and inflammation-related pathways. Copyright © 2021, Central Station of Chinese Medicinal Materials Information, National Medical Products Administration. All right reserved.

SNIF-DFA: A Signal Processing and Information Fusion Method for Smart Gua Sha Device

Due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, there are more needs for remote patient care especially in rehabilitation requiring direct contact. However, traditional Chinese rehabilitation technologies, such as gua sha, often need to be implemented by well-trained professionals. To automate and professionalize gua sha, it is necessary to record the nursing and rehabilitation process and reproduce the process in developing smart gua sha equipment. This paper proposes a new signal processing and sensor fusion method for developing a piece of smart gua sha equipment. A novel stabilized numerical integration method based on information fusion and detrended fluctuation analysis (SNIF-DFA) is performed to obtain the velocity and displacement information during gua sha operation. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional numerical integration method with respect to information accuracy and realizes accurate position calculations. This is of great significance in developing robots or automated machines that reproduce the nursing and rehabilitation operations of medical professionals. IEEE

The Effect of Emotional Responses on Reuse Intention by Impulse Buying Types: Focused on Live Shopping in China

This study aims to present the problems and solutions of live shopping to suggest the direction of live commerce broadcasting in the future by examining the influence of the types of impulse buying on consumers’ emotional responses and the reuse intention according to changes into non-contact economy due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve the purpose of this study, the theoretical foundation of related factors was established based on literature research and previous studies. Accordingly, research models and research hypotheses were presented. To verify the hypothesis, a survey was conducted through an online survey method targeting 300 consumers who have experience using live shopping in China. The statistical analysis was conducted by frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis using SPSS26.0 program. The results of the empirical analysis and implications of this study are as follows. First, pure impulse buying, planned impulse buying, stimulus impulse buying and reminder impulse buying had a significant positive (+) effect on jealousy and vanity of emotional response. Therefore, the seller of the product is expected to increase sales by stimulating customers ’ impulse buying. In addition, the purchaser may meet emotional responses such as jealousy or vanity, but this may lead to economic losses or unnecessary product purchases. Second, jealousy and vanity of emotional response had a significant positive (+) effect on reuse intention. Therefore, the purchaser should try to find ways to reduce emotional responses such as jealousy and vanity. Third, pure impulse buying, planned impulse buying, stimulus impulse buying and reminder impulse buying had a significant positive (+) effect on reuse intention. Therefore, impulse buying can lead to product purchase even if there is no stimulus of emotional reaction such as jealousy or vanity, so product buyers should exclude the factors that can cause impulse buying as much as possible. This study also aims to present the research results and implications based on some limitations in the process of the study. First, if the study is conducted for all age groups, it is expected that the results of more objective research will be derived. Second, if comparative research is conducted on live shopping users in various countries, it is judged that strategies will be derived to help identify the tendency of live shopping users by country and to establish marketing strategies for product sellers. © 2022, Success Culture Press. All rights reserved.

Study on the Scavenging Effect of Steady-state Displacement Air Purification System on Indoor Bioaerosol

Many types of microorganisms, including SARS-CoV-2, can spread through aerosols. Indoor medical environments are abundant in bioaerosols, which can cause infections among medical staff members and patients in hospitals. Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, using a steadystate displacement air purification system may reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and other microorganisms. In this study, we analyzed the purification effect of the steady-state displacement air purification system on bioaerosols in the bronchoscopy room of the hospital. In particular, bioaerosols were collected from the bronchoscopy room at different periods from April to May 2021. Among them, the microorganisms contained in the bioaerosol were identified using nextgeneration sequencing (NGS) and culture and strain identification. During the experiment, we took 5 sampling points to collect the bioaerosols. The total purification efficiency was 88.0% (NGS) and 87.5% (microbial culture count and identification). The results were significantly different between the purified and unpurified groups. In an occupant environment in the bronchoscopy room, the steady-state displacement air purification system exerted a favorable removal effect on the bioaerosols. Such purification efficiency may help prevent the in-hospital spread of COVID-19 and various infectious diseases.

RETHINKING ECONOMIC ANALYSIS: THE PERSPECTIVE OF POLITICAL ECONOMY A Review of the 15th Forum of the World Association for Political Economy

Organized around the theme "Rethinking Economic Analysis: The Perspective of Political Economy," the 15th Forum of the World Association for Political Economy was hosted by the World Association for Political Economy and the Shanghai International Studies University on December 18 and 19, 2021. Nearly 300 scholars from more than 40 countries discussed in depth the topics of Marxist and capitalist economics;the crisis and criticism of capitalism;envisioning socialism;socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era;agricultural problems;ecological problems and new economic forms from the perspective of political economy;the plight of developing countries and how to solve it;political and economic considerations related to COVID-19;multipolarization, and geopolitical economy. The scholars attending the forum put forward many scientific theories and policy suggestions, which strengthened the position of Marxist political economy and provided an important ideological weapon helping working people all over the world to unite against the irrational capitalist system and the hegemonic acts of the new imperialism, while promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind and the creation of a new form of human civilization.

CheetahKG: A Demonstration for Core-based Top-k Frequent Pattern Discovery on Knowledge Graphs

Knowledge graphs capture the complex relationships among various entities, which can be found in various real world applications, e.g., Amazon product graph, Freebase, and COVID-19. To facilitate the knowledge graph analytical tasks, a system that supports interactive and efficient query processing is always in demand. In this demonstration, we develop a prototype system, CheetahKG, that embeds with our state-of-the-art query processing engine for the top-k frequent pattern discovery. Such discovered patterns can be used for two purposes, (i) identifying related patterns and (ii) guiding knowledge exploration. In the demonstration sessions, the attendees will be invited to test the efficiency and effectiveness of the query engine and use the discovered patterns to analyze knowledge graphs on CheetahKG. © 2022 IEEE.

Construction and application of urban digital infrastructure—practice of “Urban Brain” in facing COVID-19 in Hangzhou, China

Purpose: This paper aims to analyze Hangzhou Urban Brain in responding to COVID-19, including systematically sorting out the development mode, capabilities, composition and application of Urban Brain and exploring its role and effect. This paper tries to provide a reference for other cities' digital infrastructure construction through case analysis. Design/methodology/approach: The authors took Hangzhou Urban Brain as a typical case in urban digital infrastructure construction, and they conducted thorough research on its practice in facing COVID-19. The authors analyzed the key elements of Urban Brain, the application and the evaluation of Urban Brain through literature review, field investigation, questionnaire and interviews. Findings: Hangzhou Urban Brain has been deeply applied in urban management and has a good foundation. Therefore, when the COVID-19 occurred, the Urban Brain played an important role. The detailed practices facing COVID-19 are mainly in five aspects: information collection and analysis, ensuring material supply by government–enterprise collaboration, using AI and Big Data to “Visualize” COVID-19, etc. Moreover, Urban Brain has won high evaluation. However, Hangzhou Urban Brain still has problems like data privacy and security, technical issues, etc. Originality/value: This case study shows that Hangzhou's experience in Urban Brain construction is worthy of reference and promotion. Firstly, it can strengthen the understanding of digital infrastructure in responding to public health emergencies. Furthermore, it provides a reference for other urban governance worldwide by excavating the role and effect of digital infrastructure in preventing and controlling COVID-19. Thirdly, it explores how to improve the digital infrastructure construction to support public health challenges, which will help the cities grasp the actual value of data and make progress in this field. By this, it can provide references for cities in the world, especially in Asia to achieve sustainable city development. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Evaluation of practical experience with medical sewage treatment in medical institutions in China

Objective To evaluate the evidence of the experience with medical sewage treatment procedures in medical institutions in China. Methods Databases including CNKI, WanFang Data, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO were electronically searched to collect studies on the medical sewage treatment process, flow, and specifications in medical institutions in China. We used the quality evaluation system to classify and grade the experiences based on the principles and methods of evidence-based science and performed a descriptive analysis. Results After the SARS pandemic in 2003, China systematically established and standardized the technical criteria of medical sewage treatment and discharge. Moreover, a prevention system for the epidemic using medical sewage was constructed, which guaranteed that the quality of medical sewage treatment and discharge would meet the criteria and protect the citizens, and the technical specifications of medical sewage treatment would progress and increase strictly. At present, medical sewage treatment in medical institutions in China was based on mechanical and biological methods, and disinfection was mainly performed using chlorine and its compounds, ozone, and ultraviolet light. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic requires a higher quality of medical sewage treatment and discharge criteria for medical institutions in China. To meet these criteria, all medical institutions in China should check, replace, and update their old facilities;strengthen personnel training and effectively ensure the quality of medical sewage treatment.

Insolvency Law and Policy in Times of COVID-19 and Beyond: Academic Roundtable Proceedings

The Centre for Chinese and Comparative Law and Asian Business Law Institute jointly organised an academic roundtable entitled 'Insolvency Law and Policy in Times of COVID-19 and Beyond' on 29 March 2022. The event brought together judges, scholars, experts and professionals from world-leading universities and institutions. This note sets out a summary of the proceedings held at the academic roundtable.

Investigation and analysis of work situation of professional and technical personnel in Beijing Centers for Disease Prevention and Control during the COVID-19 epidemic

Objective To analyze the work situation of the personnel in Beijing Centers for Disease Prevention and Control during the novel coronavirns disease 2019 (C0VID-19) epidemic，and to provide references for improving the construction of the capital5 s disease control and prevention system. Methods Cross-sectional survey and cluster sanpling methods were used. A total of 422 municipal-level and 664 district-level professional technicians from CDCs who were mainly involved in epidemic prevention and control in Beijing were included in the study. Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect the basic information, work intensity and satisfaction and other data. The statistical description and test analysis were carried out. Results Among professionals, 64. 36% had nornal workload, and 76. 89% had overload during the epidemic prevention and control period. The proportion of disease control personnel expressing dissatisfaction "with the usual salary level "was 54. 51%, and the satisfaction with the professional title promotion w-as mostly at the average level (45. 58%). The proportions of satisfaction with the prevention and control work arrangements and logistical support during the COVID-19 epidemic were 49. 08% and 54. 42%, respectively. Only 21. 73% professionals were satisfied with the temporar w-ork subsidy. From the perspective of population distribution, staffs at the municipal and district levels and in different job positions were mainly dissatisfied with the salar level (all P<0. 05). Most of staffs who undertook different prevention and control responsibilities were satisfied with the work arrangements and logistics support (all P<0. 05), but they w-ere dissatisfied with the temporar work subsidies (H = 27. 076, P = 0. 012). Among the survey respondents, 44.48% had thoughts of resigning. Regardless of the municipal and district levels, different professional titles or positions, the wdllingness to resign was generally high (all P>0. 05). The primar reason for wanting to leave was the low salary level, followed by difficulty in promotion of professional titles and poor development prospects which were also major considerations. Conclusion It is suggested to improve the stability of CDCs staffs and promote the high-quality and sustainable development of the disease control and prevention system by improving the personnel allocation, strengthening the interdisciplinary talent reserve, improving the salary system and optimizing the professional title appointment mechanism.

Interactive Web-Based Lung Cell Atlases Lower Barriers to Transcriptomic Data Sharing, Mining and Dissemination

Rationale: Recent advancements in sequencing technologies have led to a substantial increase in the scale and resolution of transcriptomic data. Despite this progress, accessibility to this data, particularly among those who are coming from non-computational backgrounds is limited. To facilitate improved access and exploration of our single-cell RNA sequencing data, we generated several data sharing, mining and dissemination portals to accompany our idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung endothelial cells (Lung EC) cell atlases. Descriptions and links of each website can be found here: https://medicine.yale.edu/lab/kaminski/research/atlas/. Methods: Each interactive data mining website is coded in the R language using the Shiny package and is hosted by Shinyapps.io. Percell expression data for each website is stored on a MySQL database hosted by Amazon Web Services (AWS). Time-associated website engagement statistics and gene query information is collected for each website using a combination of Google Analytics and a gene search table stored on our MySQL database. User exploration of available data is facilitated through several easy-touse visualization tools available on each website. Results: Website usage statistics since the publication of each website shows that 9,772 unique users from 56 countries and five continents have accessed at least one of the three websites. At the time of writing, 300,748 total queries have been made for 15,627 unique genes across the websites. The top five searched genes for the IPF Cell Atlas are CD14, ACE2, ACTA2, IL11 and MUC5B while for the COPD Cell Atlas they are FAM13A, MIRLET7BHG, HHIP, ISM1 and DDT. Finally, the top searched genes for the Lung Endothelial Cell Atlas are BMPR2, PECAM1, EDNRB, APLNR and PROX1. Of note, interaction with the IPF Cell Atlas increased dramatically at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, with queries for the ACE2 gene, the putative binding receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, increasing substantially at the pandemic's onset in the United States. Conclusions: Usage statistics, gene query information and feedback from users, both within academia and industry, have shown broad engagement with our websites by individuals across computational and non-computational backgrounds. We envision widespread adoption of web-based portals similar to ours will facilitate novel discoveries within these complex datasets and new scientific collaborations.

Influence of three different nucleic acid extraction methods on 2019-nCoV

Objective To study the difference in the extraction efficiency of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) nucleic acid by using magnetic beads method, centrifugal column method and one-step method. Methods On March 5, 2021, 10 throat swabs were collected from the staff working in the nucleic acid sampling room in Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University. The positive quality control samples were mixed into the swabs and used as mock positive samples. The RNA was extracted from simulated positive samples and their diluted samples by using magnetic beads method, centrifugation column method and one-step method. The purity (A260/A280 ratio) and concentration of the nucleic acid obtained were measured by micro-uv photometry, and fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to compare the CT value and extraction efficiency. The three methods were used to extract the simulated weak positive specimens and to compare the difference of CT values after amplification. The measurement data that followed normal distribution were expressed by x ± s, the t test was used for comparing in the same group, and single factor analysis of variance was used for comparing among multiple groups. A P value smaller than 0.05 indicated a significant difference. Results 2019-nCoV nucleic acid extracted by magnetic bead method, centrifugal column method and one-step method could amplify positive results. There was no significant difference between the CT value of RNA amplification extracted by magnetic bead method and one-step method (t=- 0.995, P=0.376). The CT values of orf1ab gene amplified by centrifugal column method, magnetic bead method and one-step method were 29.28±0.06, 30.82±0.14 and 29.79±0.01 respectively (F=11.196, P=0.041). The CT values of E gene were 28.52±0.40, 27.33±0.78 and 27.38±0.13 respectively (F= 3.407, P=0.169). The CT values of N gene were 28.61±1.02, 27.24±0.20 and 27.25±0.47, respectively (F=2.880, P=0.020). The CT values of human genes extracted by centrifugal column method, magnetic bead method and one-step method were 19.68±0.36, 20.14±0.06 and 20.58±0.49 respectively, which was statistically significant (F=4.904, P=0.048). The CT value of amplified human gene was affected by the dilution of human samples twice. The CT value of undiluted samples was smaller than that of diluted samples twice, with a difference of 2.95±0.22, which was statistically significant (t=-3.025, P=0.039). The extraction time of one-step method, magnetic bead method and centrifugal column method were (15.00±1.50), (20.00±1.50) and (40.00±5.5) min respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (F=688, P=0.027). Conclusions Magnetic bead method, centrifugal column method and one-step method can be used to extract 2019-nCoV nucleic acid, for the centrifugal column method has a higher extraction efficiency than the magnetic bead method and the one-step method. The one-step method is the fastest, followed by the magnetic bead method and the centrifugal column method. A large number of clinical samples can be processed using the magnetic bead method and one-step method. One-step rapid nucleic acid test can also be performed on samples from emergency and fever clinics. It is not recommended to dilute specimens for testing. In order to improve the detection rate, extracting RNA from highly suspected samples with negative initial nucleic acid test by centrifugal column method is suggested. © 2022 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltd. All rights reserved.

Review and Perspective for Resources and Environmental Information Development and Service along the Economic Corridors of the "Belt and Road" Initiative

The "Belt and Road" is a major international cooperation initiative proposed by China to adapt to current development needs. It has six economic corridors as its core pillars. The region of interest spans the three continents of Asia, Europe, and Africa, involving a large number of countries with varied regional geographical conditions and complex resources and environment backgrounds. Determination of resources and environmental information along the routes in a systematic and comprehensive manner will play a crucial role in decision-making support for promoting the scientific implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative. Considering the complex background of geographical resources, the environment, and the diverse international cooperation needs, the exploitation and utilization of resources and environmental information along the "Belt and Road" face several opportunities and challenges. This paper proposes a Spatial Information Service System for the Belt and Road Initiative, which is oriented toward collaborative innovation. Two technical routes, top to bottom and bottom to top, are used to demonstrate the overall framework of information acquisition and utilization, and generation of information services for decision support. The progress on resources and environmental information development and services in the six economic corridors is reviewed, including resources and environment patterns and their spatiotemporal evolution, monitoring and evaluation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs), key technology application in disaster risk reduction knowledge service, resources and environmental information integration and sharing, and the effect of COVID-19 on economic and social development, which can provide a reasonable foundation and reference for the establishment of a comprehensive system for "Belt and Road" resource, environment, and spatial information service. Finally, the development trends and the main directions for potential research and cooperation are highlighted, including strengthening the comprehensive collection and service capabilities of basic resource and environmental data, providing further contributions to data and methods on SDGs target monitoring and evaluation in China, integrating the entire chain of data, information, and knowledge of disaster risk reduction applications, promoting the integration and sharing of resource and environmental data with harmonized standards, and promoting the construction and application of collaborative innovation platforms involving multiple parties. The research would provide a reference for promoting the development and utilization of synchronous data resources, information integration and sharing, and the construction of collaborative innovation application environment of the "Belt and Road" economic corridor, thus, promoting decision-making support for the sustainable development of the "Belt and Road" Initiative. © 2022, Science Press. All right reserved.

Anti-Asian Microaggressions in the Time of COVID-19: Impact on Coping, Stress, and Well-Being

What is the public significance of this article? East Asian Americans confronted with anti-Asian microaggressions during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic who engaged with the aggressor had more stress, but better mental health outcomes compared to participants who ignored microaggressions. An unanticipated outcome of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been increased Sinophobia directed toward Asian Americans. The present study used a mixed-methods design and investigated how 345 East Asian Americans responded to COVID-19-related microaggressions and how their responses affected stress and well-being. The qualitative data included 196 narratives describing anti-Asian microaggressions experienced by participants during COVID-19. Four themes emerged from narratives including nonverbal rejection responses, verbal rejection, physical assault, and exposure to aggression on the social media. Additionally, quantitative data collected participants' responses to scales measuring microaggressions, personal resilience, social support, coping strategies (engagement and disengagement coping), stress, and psychological well-being. Path analysis showed that participants who reported more microaggressions experienced significantly more stress. Participants with more social support had better psychological well-being. Those with stronger personal resilience were more likely to use engagement coping. Even though engagement coping was associated with more stress, confronting aggressors was also associated with better psychological well-being compared to ignoring the threat (disengagement coping). Implications of these findings are discussed.

Risk Factors of Ftal Outcome of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Background. Few studies reported the risk factors of fatal outcome of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to identify the independent risk factors associated with fatal outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods. The clinical data of 109 consecutive COVID-19 patients including 40 (36.7%) common cases and 69 (63.3%) severe cases were included and analyzed. Results: Multivariate regression analysis indicated that platelets (PLT, OR, 0.988;95% CI, 0.978-0.998;P=0.017) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR, 1.047;95% CI, 1.026-1.068;P<0.001) levels were the independent risk factors of fatal outcome in COVID-19 patients. The optimal cut-off value of PLT counts for predicting fatal outcome was 161x109/L with the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.824 (95% CI, 0.739-0.890). The optimal cut-off value of CRP for the prediction of fatal outcome was 46.2 mg/L with the AUROC of 0.954 (95% CI, 0.896-0.985). The CRP levels had higher predictive values for fatal outcome than PLT (P=0.016). The cumulative survival rate was significantly higher in patients with PLT>161x10(9)/L compared with patients with PLT <= 161x10(9)/L (89.4% vs. 12.5%, log-rank test chi(2)=72.17;P<0.001). Survival rate of COVID-19 patients was prominently higher in CRP <= 46.2 mg/L patients compared with patients with CRP>46.2 mg/L (95.9% vs. 22.9%, log-rank test chi(2)=77.85;P<0.001). Conclusions. PLT counts and CRP levels could predict fatal outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with relatively high accuracy.